Sugarcane, or sugar cane, or simply cane, are several species of tall perennial true grasses of the genus saccharum, tribe andropogoneae, used for sugar production. Bagasse is a dry fiber which can be used as fuel for boilers, production of paper products, agricultural mulch, and as a raw material for production of chemicals. India being the largest consumer as well as the second largest producer of sugar, so, it requires sugarcane production on large scale. Outbreak of red rot on sugarcane variety co 7508 a new pathotype in coastal andhra pradesh. Diseases of australian sugarcane sugar research australia.
Sugarcane red rot disease 3 prompt harvesting of infected or susceptible crops are other management practices recommended for red rot control. Butler1906 published a detailed account of this disease from pusa, bihar and gave it the name red rot. The red rot is a major problem for sugarcane production and is responsible for the abolition of numerous best varieties from the cultivation due to the constant evolution of the newer species. Synthesis and fungitoxic activity of 5arylformyl4,5dihydro 2hydroxyphenyl 1hpyrazoles and their complexes. The present work deals with plant pathology and microbiology. Red rot caused by colletotrichum falcatum went is a serious stalk disease affecting production and productivity in sugarcane. Diseases of australian sugarcane field guide robert magarey bses limited l australia 20. Soma 16, 27 and 37 were found moderately resistant by plug method of inoculation. Diseases of sugarcane red rot colletotrichum falcatum perfect stage. In an epidemic form, it causes heavy reduction in stands and even threatens to wipe out the entire crop in the field. The small spots on the leaf blade are probably white rash. However, the diseases can be managed by adopting integrated red rot management practices. Physalospora tucumanensis symptoms the first external symptom appears mostly on third or fourth leaf which withers away at the tips along the margins. Red rot is often referred as cancer of sugarcane and no effective method for its control is available yet.
According to, characteristics symptoms of red rot disease are observed during cane formation. High levels of resistance are uncommon, so a healthy seedcane program is essential for successful rsd control. The experimental material of m1v1 generation was planted during spring 2012 and second generation m1v2 during 20. Red rot of sugarcane causal organism symptoms diseases cycle and managment telegram group s. Red rot adversely affects stand establishment by rotting planted seedcane. The cancer of sugarcane ruchika sharma and sushma tamta department of biotechnology, plant tissue culture and molecular biology laboratory, bhimtal campus, kumaun. I was published by elsevier under the auspices of the international society of sugar cane technologists in 1961. A study on irradiation induced mutagenesis in sugarcane was undertaken to investigate genetic variability for economic traits and red rot disease. The plant is two to six metres six to twenty feet tall. Rest of the somaclones showed varying degrees of susceptibility. Inoculations were carried out in both plug and nodal methods as suggested by the aicrp on sugarcane.
Red rot, caused by colletotrichum falcatum, is one of the major diseases of sugarcane in the world symptoms red rot attacks the stalks, stubble rhizomes, and leaf midribs of the sugarcane plant. Red rot disease of sugarcane caused by colletotrichum falcatum is one of the most destructive diseases of sugarcane saccharum officinarum worldwide. Rhizoctonia sheath and shoot rot rhizoctonia solani. Red rot glomerella tucumanensis physalospora tucumanensis colletotrichum falcatum anamorph red rot of leaf sheath and sprout rot athelia rolfsii pellicularia rolfsii sclerotium rolfsii anamorph red spot of leaf sheath mycovellosiella vaginae cercospora vaginae. Among these, smut was also recorded at tendaho sugar project. Red rot definition is a common sundew drosera rotundifolia.
The popular sugarcane variety coc671 succumbed to c. During 18951900 the disase assumed epidemic proportion in the godavari delata of andhra pradesh, india barber 1901. Red rot prior to 1893 25 mention of red rot in buddhist literature 25 the sereh in java and search for new resistance source 27 red rot epidemic in godavari delta and its impact 28 establishment of sugarcan breeding institute, the mecca of sugarcane breeding in india 28 butler and red rot 31 chapter 5. Red rot red stripetop rot sclerophthora smut striate mosaic exotic wholeplant diseases downy mildew grassy shoot green grassy shoot gumming contents. M journal of sharma and tamta, plant pathol microbiol 215. India abstract ssugarcane is an important source of income and employment for the farming community of. The book describes a systematic study of the fungal pathogen colletotrichum falcatum of red rot disease of sugarcane saccharum spp.
Ppt sugarcane diseases powerpoint presentation free to. Sugarcane belongs to the grass family poaceae, an economically. Relationship between climatic factors and initiation of red rot infection in sugarcane. Red rot is a serious disease of sugarcane caused by the fungus colletotrichum falcatum that has a colossal damage potential. Co j 64 were irradiated with gamma rays at 0, 10, 20, 25 and 30 grays gy. The red rot of sugar cane is caused by a fungus glomurella tucumensis. Sugarcane processing produces cane sugar sucrose from sugarcane. Idm model for controlling of red rot use of red rot resistant land selection. In plug method, plug hole made by a cork borer on the third exposed internode from bottom 6. The level of rsd resistance varies among varieties. Red rot of sugarcane with diagram biology discussion. Internal symptoms of red rot, glomerella tucumanensis, in a sugarcane stem. Species, number of nodes passed np, nodes rotted nr, internode rot severity irs, and rot indexa ri are shown along with accession a and year y mean separation and accession by year interaction ay analyses. The fungus is also known as colletotrichum fulcatum.
What is the red stain or mark found on the sugarcane. Identification, importance, charaterization and biological control shaardesh kumar chaurasia on. Red rot can infect mature stalks of sugarcane, leaf mid ribs and cause rot of planting material which results in substantial losses in crop abstract sugarcane is an important agro industrial crop of the world. The pathogen spreads primarily through infected sugarcane setts and hence the use of disease. Diseases sugarcane breeding institute, coimbatore, india. While root diseases are not specifically mentioned in these early. In seed pieces, the entire seed piece may become rotted and the internal tissues exhibit various shades of red, brown or gray. Pdf towards an ideal method of inoculation for screening. Sugarcane somaclones regenerated though leaf callus cultures of variety cos 91279 showed wide variations for red rot resistance against four isolates ofcolletotrichum falcatum went. The red rot disease attacks the standing sugarcane crop and thus causes enormous losses. An extensive volume of sugarcane diseases and their world distribution vol. Due to enzymatic action of the pathogen, there is conversion of sucrose in the cane juice into glucose and alcohol.
Sunny place isd 32, isd 33, from the isd 35 etc seed nurseryapplication of the idmbavistin 0. Other byproducts are bagasse, molasses, and filtercake. The lesions may eventually develop a straw color in the center. Red rot, glomerella tucumanensis, showing symptoms of the fungus in the midrib of a sugarcane leaf. Indian journal of sugarcane technology issn 09703233 issue. Hence screening for red rot resistance became an integral part of varietal development in the country. Irradiation induced mutagenesis in sugarcane semantic. It has stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sucrose, which accumulates in the stalk internodes. Assessment of relative performance of plug method, nodal method, and the proposed parafilm method of red rot inoculation was made. Molecular detection of colletotrichum falcatum causing red. Yellowing of foliage is the first symptom to be noticed by a grower when the stalk or leaves are infected by the pathogens if yellowing in germinated shoots is noticed, then it may be due to sett rot or red rot in case of sett rot, setts would be rotten with reddish discolouration of internal tissues and emitting a rotten pineapple odour blackening of the affected setts would also.
Efficacy of hot water treatment and carbendazim in the control of sett borne infection of red rot of sugarcane. Cultivation of resistant varieties like co 89003, co 98014, co 0118, co 0238, co 0239, co 0124, etc will contain the. Integrate disease management for controlling of red rot of sugarcane. It infects economically important stalk tissues, considered as store house of sugar in sugarcane. Causal agent red rot disease is caused by the fungus glomerella tucumanensis. Red rot of sugarcane is hard to control because the stalk from which seeds are prepared has been largely affected from the time of planting, and fungicides cannot reach the infected tissues inside a diseased seed sett. The disease first appears as red bright lesions on mid rib of leaves and shows itself as drooping and changing of colour of upper leaves. Evaluation of elite sugarcane clonesvarieties against red rot disease colletotrichum falcatum under differential. The fungus, prevalent mainly in the indian subcontinent, keeps on. It is an onset of a fungal infection called the red rot.
Molecular identification and biocontrol activity of. Medium high of sugarcane material land isd 254, should be. Plug method of pathogen inoculation is the most common method used for red rot screening in sugarcane and here, severity score is being assigned based on the red rot symptoms inside the canes. It may invade leafblade and leafsheath tissuesand is capable of infecting sugarcane roots but it is not important as a disease of these organs. To date only smut and ratoon stunting diseases are considered to be of the major in the sugarcane plantations of the country. Pacific pests and pathogens mini fact sheet edition sugarcane red. Sugarcane is an industrial crop with acreage of about 4 million hectares and production to the tune of 300 million tonnes in india. However, better crop stands have been achieved from enhanced germination obtained by treating seed pieces with a fungicide before.
Ecofriendly management of red rot disease of sugarcane. Indonesian sugarcane germplasm collecting expedition in india, the breeding work is primarily focused on developing red rot resistant varieties 26. Red rot of sugarcane was first reported from java now indonesia by went in 1893. Variations for red rot resistance in somaclones of sugarcane. Asia, africa, north, south and central america, the caribbean, europe, oceania. We publish authors whose works educate, entertain, and inspire, who are rooted in the journey of indigenous and african peoples who from enslavement to the present have triumphed through the courage and tenacity of many generations. Colletotrichum falcatum, a concealed fungal ascomycete causes red rot, which is a serious disease in sugarcane. Draft genome sequence of colletotrichum falcatum a. It provides employment to over a million people directly or indirectly besides contributing significantly to the national exchequer. In the proposed parafilm method, nodal maturity of cane stalk was taken as the guiding factor for inoculation. Foliar fungicides have not been effective in the control of red rot. Therefore careful selection of red rot free seed setts is recommended for planting. The present volume was intended to be a new edition of the book, but so many changes were required that a new book was needed.
1193 1086 1193 705 283 1155 653 1385 1041 56 296 1191 1297 973 216 629 89 708 1530 853 1396 1443 939 804 366 695 753 149 820 111 1004